What should the nurse do after discovering a client's serum potassium level is 5.2 mEq/L before administering potassium chloride?

The correct response involves calling the physician and reporting the potassium level before proceeding with the administration of potassium chloride. A serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L is considered to be on the higher end of the normal range, which typically extends from 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. This situation requires careful assessment because administering potassium chloride in the presence of an already elevated potassium level could lead to hyperkalemia, potentially resulting in serious cardiac complications.

When a nurse discovers an elevated serum potassium level—especially when it approaches or exceeds the normal range—it's crucial to communicate this finding to the physician. The physician may want to reevaluate the patient's condition, consider adjusting the medication order, or perform further tests to assess the patient's overall electrolyte status and renal function.

While documenting the potassium level is always an important task, in this scenario, it does not address the immediate clinical concern that arises from the elevated potassium. Administering the potassium chloride as ordered may place the patient at risk, and decreasing the dosage may not be appropriate without direct guidance from the physician. Therefore, reporting the level ensures appropriate medical oversight and intervention.