What describes an isotonic solution?

An isotonic solution is characterized by having the same solute concentration as another solution, typically compared to a cell's internal environment or a specific reference solution. This property is critical in physiological contexts, particularly in relation to cell function. When cells are placed in an isotonic solution, there is no net movement of water into or out of the cells. This balance helps maintain cell shape and function, as the osmotic pressure is equal on both sides of the cell membrane.

In medical and physiological practices, isotonic solutions are often used for intravenous fluids, ensuring that the body's cells do not suffer from osmotic stress, which could happen if the fluid were hypotonic or hypertonic. Understanding this concept is essential for managing fluid therapy in various clinical scenarios.