What condition is characterized by high levels of calcium in the blood?

The condition characterized by high levels of calcium in the blood is hypercalcemia. This disorder occurs when the calcium level exceeds the normal range, typically above 10.5 mg/dL. Hypercalcemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including overactive parathyroid glands, certain cancers, excessive vitamin D intake, or other medical conditions that affect bone metabolism.

Calcium plays a critical role in various bodily functions, including muscle contraction, nerve function, and bone health. When levels are too high, it can lead to various symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, vomiting, increased thirst, and frequent urination. In severe cases, hypercalcemia can cause more serious complications, such as kidney stones or even impaired heart and brain function.

The other conditions listed are characterized by imbalances of different electrolytes. For example, hyponatremia involves low sodium levels, hypocalcemia refers to low calcium levels, and hyperkalemia indicates high potassium levels. Each of these conditions represents distinct electrolyte disorders with specific causes and complications, but they are not related to elevated blood calcium levels like hypercalcemia is.