What are the signs of hypernatremia?

The signs of hypernatremia primarily include neurological changes such as irritability, seizures, and coma. Hypernatremia is characterized by an elevated sodium concentration in the blood, which can lead to cellular dehydration, particularly in the nervous system. This results in symptoms that directly affect neurological function, including irritability and agitation, as well as more severe consequences like seizures and coma in extreme cases. The disruption of normal cellular function due to the osmotic effects of high sodium levels can significantly impact mental status and neurological integrity.

While fatigue, weakness, thirst, oliguria, low blood pressure, and bradycardia may arise in various fluid and electrolyte imbalances, they are not specific or classic indicators of hypernatremia. Therefore, focusing on the pronounced neurological manifestations is key in identifying and understanding hypernatremia.